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Reviewers

The technical information on this web site was reviewed by Dr J. Cook and Dr J.M. Sharma. We thank them for their support.

Dr. Jane Cook

Qualifications

BSc (Microbiology) and PhD University of Bristol
Fellow of the Royal College of Pathologists (FRCPath)

Career

Dr. Cook was involved for many years in the study of the pathogenesis and epidemiology of avian viral diseases, particularly avian infectious bronchitis (IBV), avian adenoviruses (including EDS-76) and avian pneumovirus (APV). She was involved in the research and development of avian vaccines until retirement in 2000. Since retirement she remains involved in the avian disease field as a consultant to different organisations, giving talks, and writing book chapters and review articles. Amongst other activities she is also an editor of the journal Avian Pathology.

Selected publications:

McDougall, J.S. & Cook, J.K.A. (1986)
Turkey rhinotracheitis: preliminary investigations. Veterinary Record, 118, 206-207.

Cook, J.K.A. & Ellis, M.M. (1990)
Attenuation of turkey rhinotracheitis virus by alternative passage in embryonated chicken eggs and tracheal organ cultures. Avian Pathology, 19, 181-185.

Cook, J.K.A., Ellis, M.M. & Huggins, M.B. (1991)
The pathogenesis of turkey rhinotracheitis virus in turkey poults inoculated with the virus alone or together with two strains of bacteria. Avian Pathology, 20, 155-166.

Cook, J.K.A., Kinloch, S. & Ellis, M.M. (1993)
In vitro and in vivo studies in chickens and turkeys on strains of turkey rhinotracheitis virus isolated from the two species.  Avian Pathology, 22,157-170.

Cook, J.K.A., Jones, B.V., Ellis, M.M., Li Jing. & Cavanagh, D. (1993)
Antigenic differentiation of strains of turkey rhinotracheitis virus using monoclonal antibodies. Avian Pathology, 22, 257-273.

Cook, J.K.A., Huggins, M.B., Woods, M.A., Orbell, S.J. & Mockett, A.P. A. (1995)
Protection provided by a commercially available vaccine against different strains of turkey rhinotracheitis virus. Veterinary Record, 136, 392-393.

Cook, J.K.A., Orthel, F., Orbell, S., Woods, M.A. & Huggins, M.B. (1996)
An experimental turkey rhinotracheitis (TRT) infection in breeding turkeys and the prevention of its clinical effects using live-attenuated and inactivated TRT vaccines. Avian Pathology, 25, 231-243.

Cook, J.K.A., Huggins, M.B., Orbell, S.J. & Senne, D. A. (1999)
Preliminary antigenic characterization of an avian pneumovirus isolated from commercial turkeys in Colorado, USA. Avian Pathology, 28, 607-617.

Cook, J. K. A., Chesher, J., Orthel, F., Woods, M. A., Orbell, S. J., Baxendale, W. & Huggins, M. B. (2000)
Avian pneumovirus infection of laying hens: experimental studies. Avian Pathology, 29, 545-556.

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Dr. Jagdev M Sharma

Career

Dr. Sharma's research interests include avian immunology, viral pathogenesis, immunosuppression, diseases control and in ovo vaccination.

Recent Publications

Book Chapters
Sharma, J. M. Marek's Disease.
OIE Mannal of Standards for Diagnositc Tests and Vaccines. World Organization for Animal Health. Fifth Edition Vol.II 2005. pp 833-841.

Bublot, M and J. M. Sharma. Marek’s Disease Vaccination.
Monograph on Marek’s Disease. IAH, Compton, UK. 2004

Sharma, J.M.
The avian immune system and genetic basis of disease resistance. Diseases of Poultry. Saif, M et al., eds. Iowa State University Press. 2006 (In press).

Schijns, V., J.M. Sharma and Tarpey, I.
Practical aspects of vaccination. Avian Immunology. Davison, F et al., eds. Elsavier. 2006 (In press)

Khatri, M and J.M. Sharma.
Modulation of macrophages by infectious bursal disease virus. Special Edition, CGR, 2006 (In press)

Scientific Publications
Rautenschlein, S., H.-Y. Yeh, and J. M. Sharma.
The role of T cells in protection by an inactivated infectious bursal disease virus vaccine. Vet. Immunolo. Immunopathol. 89: 159. 2002.

Rautenschlein, S., H.-Y. Yeh, M. Njenga, and J. M. Sharma.
Role of intrabursal T cells in infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) infection: T cells promote viral clearance but delay follicular recovery. Arch. Virol. 147:285-304. 2002.

Chary, P., S. Rautenschlein, M. K. Njenga, and J. M. Sharma.
Pathogenic and immunosuppressive effects of avian pneumovirus in turkeys. Avian Dis. 46:153-161. 2002.

Rautenschlein, S., A. M. Sheikh, D. P. Patnayak, R. L. Miller, J. M. Sharma, and S. M. Goyal.
Effect of an immunomodulator on the efficacy of an attenuated vaccine against avian pneumovirus in turkeys. Avian Dis. 46:555-561, 2002.

Chary, P., S. Rautenschlein, and J. M. Sharma.
Reduced efficacy of hemorrhagic enteritis virus vaccine in turkeys exposed to avian pneumovirus. Avian Dis. 46:353-359. 2002.

Sharma, J. M., Y. Zhang, D. Jensen, S. Rautenschlein, and H.-Y. Yeh.
A field trial in commercial broilers with a multivalent in ovo vaccine that protects against Marek’s disease, infectious bursal disease, Newcastle disease and fowl pox. Avian Dis. 46:613-622, 2002.

Yeh, H.-Y., S. Rautenschlein, and J .M. Sharma.
Protective immunity against infectious bursal disease virus in chickens in the absence of virus-specific antibodies. Veterinary Immunol. Immunopathol., 89:149-158. 2002.

Rautenschlein, S., H.-Y. Yeh, and J. M. Sharma.
Comparative immunopathogenesis of mild, intermediate and virulent strains of classical IBDV. Avian Dis., 47:66-78. 2003.

Zhang, Y. and J. M. Sharma.
Immunologic tolerance in chickens hatching from eggs injected in ovo with cell-associated turkey herpesvirus (HVT). Developmental Comp Immunology, Dev. Comp. Immunol. 27:431-438. 2003. 2003.

St. Hill, C.A, R.F. Silva and J.M. Sharma.
Detection and localization of avian alphaherpesviruses in embryonic tissues following in ovo exposure. Virus Res. 100:243-248. 2004.

Munir, S., J.M. Sharma and V. Kapur.
Transcropitional response of avian cells to infection with Newcastle disease virus. Virus Research 107:103-8. 2004

Chary, P, M.K. Njenga and J.M. Sharma.
Protection by recombinant viral proteins against a respiratory challenge with virulent avian metapneumovirus. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology. 108:427-432. 2005.

Palmquist, J.M., M. Khatri, Ra Mi Cha, B. Goddeeris, B. Walcheck and J.M. Sharma.
In vivo infection of chicken macrophages by virulent infectious bursal disease virus: Effects of infection on macrophage function. Viral Immunol. 2006 19:305-15. 2006

Khatri, M, J.M. Palmquist, Ra Mi Cha, and J.M. Sharma.
Infection and activation of bursal macrophages by virulent infectious bursal disease virus. Virus Res 113:44-50. 2005.

Khatri, M and J.M. Sharma.
Infectious bursal disease virus infection induces macrophage activation via p38 MAPK and NF-kB Pathways. Virus Res. 118:70-77. 2006.

Khatri, M and J.M. Sharma.
Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Grown in Chicken Macrophage Cell line has Altered Tropism for Non-permissive Chicken Embryo Fibroblast Cells. Submitted. 2006.

Khatri, M and J.M. Sharma.
Activation of neonatal lymphoid cells following in ovo exposure to infectious bursal disease virus. Submitted 2006.

Ra Mi Cha, Mahesh Khatri and Jagdev M. Sharma.
B Cell Infiltration in the Respiratory Mucosa of Turkeys Exposed to Avian Metapneumovirus. Submitted 2006.

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